Source code for watertap.property_models.multicomp_aq_sol_prop_pack

###############################################################################
# WaterTAP Copyright (c) 2021, The Regents of the University of California,
# through Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Oak Ridge National
# Laboratory, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and National Energy
# Technology Laboratory (subject to receipt of any required approvals from
# the U.S. Dept. of Energy). All rights reserved.
#
# Please see the files COPYRIGHT.md and LICENSE.md for full copyright and license
# information, respectively. These files are also available online at the URL
# "https://github.com/watertap-org/watertap/"
#
###############################################################################
"""
This property package computes a multi-component aqueous solution that can
contain ionic and/or neutral solute species. It supports basic calculation 
of component quanitities and some physical, chemical and electrical properties. 

This property package was formerly named as "ion_DSPMDE_prop_pack" for its use of
Donnan Steric Pore Model with Dielectric Exclusion (DSPMDE).
"""

# TODO:
#  -add calc option for Stokes radius from Stokes Einstein
#  -add viscosity as func of temp and concentration

# Import Python libraries
import idaes.logger as idaeslog

from enum import Enum, auto

# Import Pyomo libraries
from pyomo.environ import (
    Constraint,
    Expression,
    Reals,
    NonNegativeReals,
    log,
    Var,
    Param,
    Set,
    Suffix,
    value,
    check_optimal_termination,
    units as pyunits,
)
from pyomo.common.config import ConfigValue, In

# Import IDAES cores
from idaes.core import (
    declare_process_block_class,
    MaterialFlowBasis,
    PhysicalParameterBlock,
    StateBlockData,
    StateBlock,
    MaterialBalanceType,
    EnergyBalanceType,
)
from idaes.core.base.components import Solute, Solvent, Cation, Anion
from idaes.core.base.phases import AqueousPhase
from idaes.core.util.constants import Constants
from idaes.core.util.initialization import (
    fix_state_vars,
    revert_state_vars,
    solve_indexed_blocks,
)
from idaes.core.util.misc import add_object_reference
from idaes.core.solvers import get_solver
from idaes.core.util.model_statistics import (
    degrees_of_freedom,
    number_unfixed_variables,
)
from idaes.core.util.exceptions import ConfigurationError, InitializationError
import idaes.core.util.scaling as iscale
from watertap.core.util.scaling import transform_property_constraints

# Set up logger
_log = idaeslog.getLogger(__name__)


[docs]class ActivityCoefficientModel(Enum): ideal = auto() # Ideal davies = auto() # Davies
[docs]class DensityCalculation(Enum): constant = auto() # constant @ 1000 kg/m3 seawater = auto() # seawater correlation for TDS from Sharqawy laliberte = ( auto() ) # Laliberte correlation using apparent density #TODO add this later with reference
[docs]class ElectricalMobilityCalculation(Enum): none = auto() EinsteinRelation = auto()
[docs]class EquivalentConductivityCalculation(Enum): none = auto() ElectricalMobility = auto()
[docs]class TransportNumberCalculation(Enum): none = auto() ElectricalMobility = auto()
[docs]@declare_process_block_class("MCASParameterBlock") class MCASParameterData(PhysicalParameterBlock): CONFIG = PhysicalParameterBlock.CONFIG() CONFIG.declare( "solute_list", ConfigValue(domain=list, description="List of solute species names"), ) CONFIG.declare( "stokes_radius_data", ConfigValue( default={}, domain=dict, description="Dict of solute species names and Stokes radius data", ), ) CONFIG.declare( "diffusivity_data", ConfigValue( default={}, domain=dict, description="Dict of solute species names and bulk ion diffusivity data", ), ) CONFIG.declare( "mw_data", ConfigValue( default={}, domain=dict, description="Dict of component names and molecular weight data", ), ) CONFIG.declare( "elec_mobility_data", ConfigValue(default={}, domain=dict, description="Ion electrical mobility"), ) CONFIG.declare( "trans_num_data", ConfigValue( default={}, domain=dict, description="transport number of ions in the liquid phase", ), ) CONFIG.declare( "equiv_conductivity_phase_data", ConfigValue( default={}, domain=dict, description="Equivalent conductivity of ions in the liquid phase", ), ) CONFIG.declare( "charge", ConfigValue(default={}, domain=dict, description="Ion charge") ) CONFIG.declare( "activity_coefficient_model", ConfigValue( default=ActivityCoefficientModel.ideal, domain=In(ActivityCoefficientModel), description="Activity coefficient model construction flag", doc=""" Options to account for activity coefficient model. **default** - ``ActivityCoefficientModel.ideal`` .. csv-table:: :header: "Configuration Options", "Description" "``ActivityCoefficientModel.ideal``", "Activity coefficients equal to 1 assuming ideal solution" "``ActivityCoefficientModel.davies``", "Activity coefficients estimated via Davies model" """, ), ) CONFIG.declare( "density_calculation", ConfigValue( default=DensityCalculation.constant, domain=In(DensityCalculation), description="Solution density calculation construction flag", doc=""" Options to account for solution density. **default** - ``DensityCalculation.constant`` .. csv-table:: :header: "Configuration Options", "Description" "``DensityCalculation.constant``", "Solution density assumed constant at 1000 kg/m3" "``DensityCalculation.seawater``", "Solution density based on correlation for seawater (TDS)" "``DensityCalculation.laliberte``", "Solution density based on mixing correlation from Laliberte" """, ), ) CONFIG.declare( "elec_mobility_calculation", ConfigValue( default=ElectricalMobilityCalculation.none, domain=In(ElectricalMobilityCalculation), description="Electrical mobility calculation flag", doc=""" Options to account for ion electrical mobility. **default** - ``ElectricalMobilityCalculation.none`` .. csv-table:: :header: "Configuration Options", "Description" "``ElectricalMobilityCalculation.none``", "Users provide data via the elec_mobility_data configuration" "``ElectricalMobilityCalculation.EinsteinRelation``", "Calculate from the diffusivity_data by the Einstein Relation" """, ), ) CONFIG.declare( "trans_num_calculation", ConfigValue( default=TransportNumberCalculation.ElectricalMobility, domain=In(TransportNumberCalculation), description="Ion transport number calculation flag", doc=""" Options to account for ion transport number in the solution. **default** - ``TransportNumberCalculation.ElectricalMobility`` .. csv-table:: :header: "Configuration Options", "Description" "``TransportNumberCalculation.none``", "Users provide data via the trans_num_data configuration" "``TransportNumberCalculation.ElectricalMobility``", "Calculated from the elec_mobility_data" """, ), ) CONFIG.declare( "equiv_conductivity_calculation", ConfigValue( default=EquivalentConductivityCalculation.ElectricalMobility, domain=In(EquivalentConductivityCalculation), description="Ion equivalent conductivity calculation flag", doc=""" Options to account for the total equivalent conductivity of the liquid phase (solution). **default** - ``EquivalentConductivityCalculation.none`` .. csv-table:: :header: "Configuration Options", "Description" "``EquivalentConductivityCalculation.none``", "Users provide data via the equiv_conductivity_data configuration" "``EquivalentConductivityCalculation.ElectricalMobility``", "Calculated from the electrical_mobility_data" """, ), )
[docs] def build(self): """ Callable method for Block construction. """ super().build() self._state_block_class = MCASStateBlock # phases self.Liq = AqueousPhase() # list to hold all species (including water) self.component_list = Set() # components self.H2O = Solvent() # blank sets self.cation_set = Set() self.anion_set = Set() self.solute_set = Set() self.ion_set = Set() for j in self.config.solute_list: if j in self.config.charge: if self.config.charge[j] == 0: raise ConfigurationError( "The charge property should not be assigned to the neutral component: {}".format( j ) ) elif self.config.charge[j] > 0: self.add_component( str(j), Cation(charge=self.config.charge[j], _electrolyte=True), ) self.component_list.add(str(j)) self.ion_set.add(str(j)) else: self.add_component( str(j), Anion(charge=self.config.charge[j], _electrolyte=True), ) self.component_list.add(str(j)) self.ion_set.add(str(j)) else: self.add_component(str(j), Solute()) # reference # Todo: enter any relevant references # TODO: consider turning parameters into variables for future param estimation # molecular weight self.mw_comp = Param( self.component_list, mutable=True, default=18e-3, initialize=self.config.mw_data, units=pyunits.kg / pyunits.mol, doc="Molecular weight", ) # Stokes radius self.radius_stokes_comp = Param( self.ion_set | self.solute_set, mutable=True, default=1e-10, initialize=self.config.stokes_radius_data, units=pyunits.m, doc="Stokes radius of solute", ) self.diffus_phase_comp = Param( self.phase_list, self.ion_set | self.solute_set, mutable=True, default=1e-9, initialize=self.config.diffusivity_data, units=pyunits.m**2 * pyunits.s**-1, doc="Bulk diffusivity of ion", ) self.visc_d_phase = Param( self.phase_list, mutable=True, default=1e-3, initialize=1e-3, # TODO:revisit- assuming ~ 1e-3 Pa*s for pure water units=pyunits.Pa * pyunits.s, doc="Fluid viscosity", ) # Ion charge self.charge_comp = Param( self.ion_set, mutable=True, default=1, initialize=self.config.charge, units=pyunits.dimensionless, doc="Ion charge", ) # Dielectric constant of water self.dielectric_constant = Param( mutable=True, default=80.4, initialize=80.4, # todo: make a variable with parameter values for coefficients in the function of temperature units=pyunits.dimensionless, doc="Dielectric constant of water", ) self.debye_huckel_b = Param( mutable=True, default=0.3, initialize=0.3, units=pyunits.kg / pyunits.mol, doc="Debye Huckel constant b", ) # Mass density parameters, eq. 8 in Sharqawy et al. (2010) dens_units = pyunits.kg / pyunits.m**3 t_inv_units = pyunits.K**-1 self.dens_mass_param_A1 = Var( within=Reals, initialize=9.999e2, units=dens_units, doc="Mass density parameter A1", ) self.dens_mass_param_A2 = Var( within=Reals, initialize=2.034e-2, units=dens_units * t_inv_units, doc="Mass density parameter A2", ) self.dens_mass_param_A3 = Var( within=Reals, initialize=-6.162e-3, units=dens_units * t_inv_units**2, doc="Mass density parameter A3", ) self.dens_mass_param_A4 = Var( within=Reals, initialize=2.261e-5, units=dens_units * t_inv_units**3, doc="Mass density parameter A4", ) self.dens_mass_param_A5 = Var( within=Reals, initialize=-4.657e-8, units=dens_units * t_inv_units**4, doc="Mass density parameter A5", ) self.dens_mass_param_B1 = Var( within=Reals, initialize=8.020e2, units=dens_units, doc="Mass density parameter B1", ) self.dens_mass_param_B2 = Var( within=Reals, initialize=-2.001, units=dens_units * t_inv_units, doc="Mass density parameter B2", ) self.dens_mass_param_B3 = Var( within=Reals, initialize=1.677e-2, units=dens_units * t_inv_units**2, doc="Mass density parameter B3", ) self.dens_mass_param_B4 = Var( within=Reals, initialize=-3.060e-5, units=dens_units * t_inv_units**3, doc="Mass density parameter B4", ) self.dens_mass_param_B5 = Var( within=Reals, initialize=-1.613e-5, units=dens_units * t_inv_units**2, doc="Mass density parameter B5", ) # traditional parameters are the only Vars currently on the block and should be fixed for v in self.component_objects(Var): v.fix() # ---default scaling--- self.set_default_scaling("temperature", 1e-2) self.set_default_scaling("pressure", 1e-4) self.set_default_scaling("dens_mass_phase", 1e-3, index="Liq") self.set_default_scaling("visc_d_phase", 1e3, index="Liq") self.set_default_scaling("diffus_phase_comp", 1e10, index="Liq") self.set_default_scaling("visc_k_phase", 1e6, index="Liq")
[docs] @classmethod def define_metadata(cls, obj): """Define properties supported and units.""" obj.add_properties( { "flow_mol_phase_comp": {"method": None}, "temperature": {"method": None}, "pressure": {"method": None}, "flow_mass_phase_comp": {"method": "_flow_mass_phase_comp"}, "flow_equiv_phase_comp": {"method": "_flow_equiv_phase_comp"}, "conc_equiv_phase_comp": {"method": "_conc_equiv_phase_comp"}, "mass_frac_phase_comp": {"method": "_mass_frac_phase_comp"}, "dens_mass_phase": {"method": "_dens_mass_phase"}, "dens_mass_solvent": {"method": "_dens_mass_solvent"}, "flow_vol": {"method": "_flow_vol"}, "flow_vol_phase": {"method": "_flow_vol_phase"}, "conc_mol_phase_comp": {"method": "_conc_mol_phase_comp"}, "conc_mass_phase_comp": {"method": "_conc_mass_phase_comp"}, "mole_frac_phase_comp": {"method": "_mole_frac_phase_comp"}, "molality_phase_comp": {"method": "_molality_phase_comp"}, "diffus_phase_comp": {"method": "_diffus_phase_comp"}, "visc_d_phase": {"method": "_visc_d_phase"}, "visc_k_phase": {"method": "_visc_k_phase"}, "pressure_osm_phase": {"method": "_pressure_osm_phase"}, "radius_stokes_comp": {"method": "_radius_stokes_comp"}, "mw_comp": {"method": "_mw_comp"}, "elec_mobility_phase_comp": {"method": "_elec_mobility_phase_comp"}, "trans_num_phase_comp": {"method": "_trans_num_phase_comp"}, "equiv_conductivity_phase": {"method": "_equiv_conductivity_phase"}, "elec_cond_phase": {"method": "_elec_cond_phase"}, "charge_comp": {"method": "_charge_comp"}, "act_coeff_phase_comp": {"method": "_act_coeff_phase_comp"}, "dielectric_constant": {"method": "_dielectric_constant"}, "debye_huckel_constant": {"method": "_debye_huckel_constant"}, "ionic_strength_molal": {"method": "_ionic_strength_molal"}, } ) obj.add_default_units( { "time": pyunits.s, "length": pyunits.m, "mass": pyunits.kg, "amount": pyunits.mol, "temperature": pyunits.K, } )
[docs]class _MCASStateBlock(StateBlock): """ This Class contains methods which should be applied to Property Blocks as a whole, rather than individual elements of indexed Property Blocks. """
[docs] def initialize( self, state_args=None, state_vars_fixed=False, hold_state=False, outlvl=idaeslog.NOTSET, solver=None, optarg=None, ): """ Initialization routine for property package. Keyword Arguments: state_args : Dictionary with initial guesses for the state vars chosen. Note that if this method is triggered through the control volume, and if initial guesses were not provided at the unit model level, the control volume passes the inlet values as initial guess. The keys for the state_args dictionary are: flow_mol_phase_comp : value to initialize phase component flows; pressure : value at which to initialize pressure; temperature : value at which to initialize temperature. outlvl : sets output level of initialization routine (default=idaeslog.NOTSET) optarg : solver options dictionary object (default=None) state_vars_fixed : Flag to denote if state vars have already been fixed. - True - states have already been fixed by the control volume 1D. Control volume 0D does not fix the state vars, so will be False if this state block is used with 0D blocks. - False - states have not been fixed. The state block will deal with fixing/unfixing. solver : Solver object to use during initialization. If None is provided, it will use the default solver for IDAES (default = None) hold_state : flag indicating whether the initialization routine should unfix any state variables fixed during initialization (default=False). - True - state variables are not unfixed, and a dict of returned containing flags for which states were fixed during initialization. - False - state variables are unfixed after initialization by calling the release_state method. Returns: If hold_states is True, returns a dict containing flags for which states were fixed during initialization. """ # Get loggers init_log = idaeslog.getInitLogger(self.name, outlvl, tag="properties") solve_log = idaeslog.getSolveLogger(self.name, outlvl, tag="properties") # Set solver and options opt = get_solver(solver, optarg) # Fix state variables flags = fix_state_vars(self, state_args) # initialize vars caculated from state vars for k in self.keys(): # Vars indexed by phase and component_list for j in self[k].params.component_list: if self[k].is_property_constructed("mass_frac_phase_comp"): self[k].mass_frac_phase_comp["Liq", j].set_value( self[k].flow_mass_phase_comp["Liq", j] / sum( self[k].flow_mass_phase_comp["Liq", j] for j in self[k].params.component_list ) ) if self[k].is_property_constructed("conc_mass_phase_comp"): self[k].conc_mass_phase_comp["Liq", j].set_value( self[k].dens_mass_phase["Liq"] * self[k].mass_frac_phase_comp["Liq", j] ) if self[k].is_property_constructed("conc_mol_phase_comp"): self[k].conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j].set_value( self[k].conc_mass_phase_comp["Liq", j] / self[k].params.mw_comp[j] ) if self[k].is_property_constructed("flow_mass_phase_comp"): self[k].flow_mass_phase_comp["Liq", j].set_value( self[k].flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] * self[k].params.mw_comp[j] ) if self[k].is_property_constructed("mole_frac_phase_comp"): self[k].mole_frac_phase_comp["Liq", j].set_value( self[k].flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] / sum( self[k].flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] for j in self[k].params.component_list ) ) # Vars indexed by ion_set | solute_set for j in self[k].params.ion_set | self[k].params.solute_set: if self[k].is_property_constructed("molality_phase_comp"): self[k].molality_phase_comp["Liq", j].set_value( self[k].flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] / self[k].flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", "H2O"] / self[k].params.mw_comp["H2O"] ) # Vars indexed by ion_set for j in self[k].params.ion_set: if ( self[k].is_property_constructed("elec_mobility_phase_comp") and self[k].params.config.elec_mobility_calculation == ElectricalMobilityCalculation.EinsteinRelation ): self[k].elec_mobility_phase_comp["Liq", j].set_value( self[k].diffus_phase_comp["Liq", j] * abs(self[k].charge_comp[j]) * Constants.faraday_constant / (Constants.gas_constant * self[k].temperature) ) if self[k].is_property_constructed("conc_equiv_phase_comp"): self[k].conc_equiv_phase_comp["Liq", j].set_value( self[k].conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] / abs(self[k].params.charge_comp[j]) ) if self[k].is_property_constructed("flow_equiv_phase_comp"): self[k].flow_equiv_phase_comp["Liq", j].set_value( self[k].flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] * abs(self[k].params.charge_comp[j]) ) # Vars not indexed or indexed only by phase if self[k].is_property_constructed("flow_vol_phase"): self[k].flow_vol_phase["Liq"].set_value( sum( self[k].flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] * self[k].params.mw_comp[j] for j in self[k].params.component_list ) / self[k].dens_mass_phase["Liq"] ) if self[k].is_property_constructed("visc_k_phase"): self[k].visc_k_phase["Liq"].set_value( self[k].visc_d_phase["Liq"] / self[k].dens_mass_phase["Liq"] ) if self[k].is_property_constructed("ionic_strength_molal"): self[k].ionic_strength_molal.set_value( 0.5 * sum( self[k].charge_comp[j] ** 2 * self[k].molality_phase_comp["Liq", j] for j in self[k].params.ion_set | self[k].params.solute_set ) ) if self[k].is_property_constructed("pressure_osm_phase"): self[k].pressure_osm_phase["Liq"].set_value( sum( self[k].conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] for j in self[k].params.ion_set | self[k].params.solute_set ) * Constants.gas_constant * self[k].temperature ) if ( self[k].is_property_constructed("equiv_conductivity_phase") and self[k].params.config.equiv_conductivity_calculation == EquivalentConductivityCalculation.ElectricalMobility ): self[k].equiv_conductivity_phase["Liq"].set_value( sum( Constants.faraday_constant * abs(self[k].charge_comp[j]) * self[k].elec_mobility_phase_comp["Liq", j] * self[k].conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] for j in self[k].params.ion_set ) / sum( abs(self[k].charge_comp[j]) * self[k].conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] for j in self[k].params.cation_set ) ) if self[k].is_property_constructed("elec_cond_phase"): self[k].elec_cond_phase["Liq"].set_value( self[k].equiv_conductivity_phase["Liq"] * sum( abs(self[k].charge_comp[j]) * self[k].conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] for j in self[k].params.cation_set ) ) # Check when the state vars are fixed already result in dof 0 for k in self.keys(): dof = degrees_of_freedom(self[k]) if dof != 0: raise InitializationError( "\nWhile initializing {sb_name}, the degrees of freedom " "are {dof}, when zero is required. \nInitialization assumes " "that the state variables should be fixed and that no other " "variables are fixed. \nIf other properties have a " "predetermined value, use the calculate_state method " "before using initialize to determine the values for " "the state variables and avoid fixing the property variables." "".format(sb_name=self.name, dof=dof) ) # --------------------------------------------------------------------- skip_solve = True # skip solve if only state variables are present for k in self.keys(): if number_unfixed_variables(self[k]) != 0: skip_solve = False if not skip_solve: # Initialize properties with idaeslog.solver_log(solve_log, idaeslog.DEBUG) as slc: results = solve_indexed_blocks(opt, [self], tee=slc.tee) if not check_optimal_termination(results): raise InitializationError( "The property package failed to solve during initialization." ) init_log.info_high( "Property initialization: {}.".format(idaeslog.condition(results)) ) # --------------------------------------------------------------------- # If input block, return flags, else release state if state_vars_fixed is False: if hold_state is True: return flags else: self.release_state(flags)
[docs] def release_state(self, flags, outlvl=idaeslog.NOTSET): """ Method to release state variables fixed during initialisation. Keyword Arguments: flags : dict containing information of which state variables were fixed during initialization, and should now be unfixed. This dict is returned by initialize if hold_state=True. outlvl : sets output level of logging """ # Unfix state variables init_log = idaeslog.getInitLogger(self.name, outlvl, tag="properties") revert_state_vars(self, flags) init_log.info_high("{} State Released.".format(self.name))
[docs] def calculate_state( self, var_args=None, hold_state=False, outlvl=idaeslog.NOTSET, solver=None, optarg=None, ): """ Solves state blocks given a set of variables and their values. These variables can be state variables or properties. This method is typically used before initialization to solve for state variables because non-state variables (i.e. properties) cannot be fixed in initialization routines. Keyword Arguments: var_args : dictionary with variables and their values, they can be state variables or properties {(VAR_NAME, INDEX): VALUE} hold_state : flag indicating whether all of the state variables should be fixed after calculate state. True - State variables will be fixed. False - State variables will remain unfixed, unless already fixed. outlvl : idaes logger object that sets output level of solve call (default=idaeslog.NOTSET) solver : solver name string if None is provided the default solver for IDAES will be used (default = None) optarg : solver options dictionary object (default={}) Returns: results object from state block solve """ # Get logger solve_log = idaeslog.getSolveLogger(self.name, level=outlvl, tag="properties") # Initialize at current state values (not user provided) self.initialize(solver=solver, optarg=optarg, outlvl=outlvl) # Set solver and options opt = get_solver(solver, optarg) # Fix variables and check degrees of freedom flags = ( {} ) # dictionary noting which variables were fixed and their previous state for k in self.keys(): sb = self[k] for (v_name, ind), val in var_args.items(): var = getattr(sb, v_name) if iscale.get_scaling_factor(var[ind]) is None: _log.warning( "While using the calculate_state method on {sb_name}, variable {v_name} " "was provided as an argument in var_args, but it does not have a scaling " "factor. This suggests that the calculate_scaling_factor method has not been " "used or the variable was created on demand after the scaling factors were " "calculated. It is recommended to touch all relevant variables (i.e. call " "them or set an initial value) before using the calculate_scaling_factor " "method.".format(v_name=v_name, sb_name=sb.name) ) if var[ind].is_fixed(): flags[(k, v_name, ind)] = True if value(var[ind]) != val: raise ConfigurationError( "While using the calculate_state method on {sb_name}, {v_name} was " "fixed to a value {val}, but it was already fixed to value {val_2}. " "Unfix the variable before calling the calculate_state " "method or update var_args." "".format( sb_name=sb.name, v_name=var.name, val=val, val_2=value(var[ind]), ) ) else: flags[(k, v_name, ind)] = False var[ind].fix(val) if degrees_of_freedom(sb) != 0: raise RuntimeError( "While using the calculate_state method on {sb_name}, the degrees " "of freedom were {dof}, but 0 is required. Check var_args and ensure " "the correct fixed variables are provided." "".format(sb_name=sb.name, dof=degrees_of_freedom(sb)) ) # Solve with idaeslog.solver_log(solve_log, idaeslog.DEBUG) as slc: results = solve_indexed_blocks(opt, [self], tee=slc.tee) solve_log.info_high( "Calculate state: {}.".format(idaeslog.condition(results)) ) if not check_optimal_termination(results): _log.warning( "While using the calculate_state method on {sb_name}, the solver failed " "to converge to an optimal solution. This suggests that the user provided " "infeasible inputs, or that the model is poorly scaled, poorly initialized, " "or degenerate." ) # unfix all variables fixed with var_args for (k, v_name, ind), previously_fixed in flags.items(): if not previously_fixed: var = getattr(self[k], v_name) var[ind].unfix() # fix state variables if hold_state if hold_state: fix_state_vars(self) return results
[docs]@declare_process_block_class("MCASStateBlock", block_class=_MCASStateBlock) class MCASStateBlockData(StateBlockData):
[docs] def build(self): """Callable method for Block construction.""" super().build() self.scaling_factor = Suffix(direction=Suffix.EXPORT) # Add state variables self.flow_mol_phase_comp = Var( self.params.phase_list, self.params.component_list, initialize=0.1, # todo: revisit bounds=(0, None), domain=NonNegativeReals, units=pyunits.mol / pyunits.s, doc="Mole flow rate", ) self.temperature = Var( initialize=298.15, bounds=(273.15, 373.15), domain=NonNegativeReals, units=pyunits.K, doc="State temperature", ) self.pressure = Var( initialize=101325, bounds=(1e5, None), domain=NonNegativeReals, units=pyunits.Pa, doc="State pressure", )
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Property Methods def _mass_frac_phase_comp(self): self.mass_frac_phase_comp = Var( self.params.phase_list, self.params.component_list, initialize=0.5, bounds=(0, 1.001), units=pyunits.kg / pyunits.kg, doc="Mass fraction", ) def rule_mass_frac_phase_comp(b, p, j): return b.mass_frac_phase_comp[p, j] == b.flow_mass_phase_comp[p, j] / sum( b.flow_mass_phase_comp[p, j] for j in self.params.component_list ) self.eq_mass_frac_phase_comp = Constraint( self.params.phase_list, self.params.component_list, rule=rule_mass_frac_phase_comp, ) def _dens_mass_phase(self): self.dens_mass_phase = Var( ["Liq"], initialize=1e3, bounds=(5e2, 2e3), units=pyunits.kg * pyunits.m**-3, doc="Mass density", ) # TODO: reconsider this approach for solution density based on arbitrary solute_list def rule_dens_mass_phase(b, p): if b.params.config.density_calculation == DensityCalculation.constant: return b.dens_mass_phase[p] == 1000 * pyunits.kg * pyunits.m**-3 elif b.params.config.density_calculation == DensityCalculation.seawater: # density, eq. 8 in Sharqawy #TODO- add Sharqawy reference t = b.temperature - 273.15 * pyunits.K s = sum( b.mass_frac_phase_comp[p, j] for j in b.params.ion_set | b.params.solute_set ) dens_mass = ( b.dens_mass_solvent + b.params.dens_mass_param_B1 * s + b.params.dens_mass_param_B2 * s * t + b.params.dens_mass_param_B3 * s * t**2 + b.params.dens_mass_param_B4 * s * t**3 + b.params.dens_mass_param_B5 * s**2 * t**2 ) return b.dens_mass_phase[p] == dens_mass self.eq_dens_mass_phase = Constraint(["Liq"], rule=rule_dens_mass_phase) def _dens_mass_solvent(self): self.dens_mass_solvent = Var( initialize=1e3, bounds=(1, 1e6), units=pyunits.kg * pyunits.m**-3, doc="Mass density of pure water", ) def rule_dens_mass_solvent(b): # density, eq. 8 in Sharqawy t = b.temperature - 273.15 * pyunits.K dens_mass_w = ( b.params.dens_mass_param_A1 + b.params.dens_mass_param_A2 * t + b.params.dens_mass_param_A3 * t**2 + b.params.dens_mass_param_A4 * t**3 + b.params.dens_mass_param_A5 * t**4 ) return b.dens_mass_solvent == dens_mass_w self.eq_dens_mass_solvent = Constraint(rule=rule_dens_mass_solvent) def _flow_vol_phase(self): self.flow_vol_phase = Var( self.params.phase_list, initialize=0.001, bounds=(0, None), units=pyunits.m**3 / pyunits.s, doc="Volumetric flow rate", ) def rule_flow_vol_phase(b, p): return ( b.flow_vol_phase[p] == sum( b.flow_mol_phase_comp[p, j] * b.mw_comp[j] for j in self.params.component_list ) / b.dens_mass_phase[p] ) self.eq_flow_vol_phase = Constraint( self.params.phase_list, rule=rule_flow_vol_phase ) def _flow_vol(self): def rule_flow_vol(b): return sum(b.flow_vol_phase[p] for p in self.params.phase_list) self.flow_vol = Expression(rule=rule_flow_vol) def _conc_mol_phase_comp(self): self.conc_mol_phase_comp = Var( self.params.phase_list, self.params.component_list, initialize=500, bounds=(0, None), units=pyunits.mol * pyunits.m**-3, doc="Molar concentration", ) def rule_conc_mol_phase_comp(b, p, j): return ( b.conc_mol_phase_comp[p, j] * b.params.mw_comp[j] == b.conc_mass_phase_comp[p, j] ) self.eq_conc_mol_phase_comp = Constraint( self.params.phase_list, self.params.component_list, rule=rule_conc_mol_phase_comp, ) def _conc_mass_phase_comp(self): self.conc_mass_phase_comp = Var( self.params.phase_list, self.params.component_list, initialize=10, bounds=(0, 2e3), units=pyunits.kg * pyunits.m**-3, doc="Mass concentration", ) def rule_conc_mass_phase_comp(b, p, j): return ( b.conc_mass_phase_comp[p, j] == b.dens_mass_phase[p] * b.mass_frac_phase_comp[p, j] ) self.eq_conc_mass_phase_comp = Constraint( self.params.phase_list, self.params.component_list, rule=rule_conc_mass_phase_comp, ) def _flow_mass_phase_comp(self): self.flow_mass_phase_comp = Var( self.params.phase_list, self.params.component_list, initialize=0.5, bounds=(0, None), units=pyunits.kg / pyunits.s, doc="Component Mass flowrate", ) def rule_flow_mass_phase_comp(b, p, j): return ( b.flow_mass_phase_comp[p, j] == b.flow_mol_phase_comp[p, j] * b.params.mw_comp[j] ) self.eq_flow_mass_phase_comp = Constraint( self.params.phase_list, self.params.component_list, rule=rule_flow_mass_phase_comp, ) def _flow_equiv_phase_comp(self): self.flow_equiv_phase_comp = Var( self.params.phase_list, self.params.ion_set, initialize=0.1, bounds=(0, None), units=pyunits.mol / pyunits.s, doc="Component equivalent charge flowrate", ) def rule_flow_equiv_phase_comp(b, p, j): return b.flow_equiv_phase_comp[p, j] == b.flow_mol_phase_comp[p, j] * abs( b.params.charge_comp[j] ) self.eq_flow_equiv_phase_comp = Constraint( self.params.phase_list, self.params.ion_set, rule=rule_flow_equiv_phase_comp, ) def _conc_equiv_phase_comp(self): self.conc_equiv_phase_comp = Var( self.params.phase_list, self.params.ion_set, initialize=500, bounds=(0, None), units=pyunits.mol / pyunits.m**3, doc="Equivalent charge concentration", ) def rule_conc_equiv_phase_comp(b, p, j): return b.conc_equiv_phase_comp[p, j] == b.conc_mol_phase_comp[p, j] * abs( b.params.charge_comp[j] ) self.eq_conc_equiv_phase_comp = Constraint( self.params.phase_list, self.params.ion_set, rule=rule_conc_equiv_phase_comp, ) def _mole_frac_phase_comp(self): self.mole_frac_phase_comp = Var( self.params.phase_list, self.params.component_list, initialize=0.5, bounds=(0, 1.001), units=pyunits.dimensionless, doc="Mole fraction", ) def rule_mole_frac_phase_comp(b, p, j): return b.mole_frac_phase_comp[p, j] == b.flow_mol_phase_comp[p, j] / sum( b.flow_mol_phase_comp[p, j] for j in b.params.component_list ) self.eq_mole_frac_phase_comp = Constraint( self.params.phase_list, self.params.component_list, rule=rule_mole_frac_phase_comp, ) def _molality_phase_comp(self): self.molality_phase_comp = Var( self.params.phase_list, self.params.ion_set | self.params.solute_set, initialize=1, bounds=(0, 10), units=pyunits.mole / pyunits.kg, doc="Molality", ) def rule_molality_phase_comp(b, p, j): return ( b.molality_phase_comp[p, j] == b.flow_mol_phase_comp[p, j] / b.flow_mol_phase_comp[p, "H2O"] / b.params.mw_comp["H2O"] ) self.eq_molality_phase_comp = Constraint( self.params.phase_list, self.params.ion_set | self.params.solute_set, rule=rule_molality_phase_comp, ) def _visc_k_phase(self): self.visc_k_phase = Var( ["Liq"], initialize=1e-6, bounds=(9e-7, 5e-2), units=pyunits.m**2 / pyunits.s, doc="Kinematic Viscosity", ) def rule_visc_k_phase(b, p): return b.visc_d_phase[p] == b.visc_k_phase[p] * b.dens_mass_phase[p] self.eq_visc_k_phase = Constraint(["Liq"], rule=rule_visc_k_phase) def _radius_stokes_comp(self): add_object_reference(self, "radius_stokes_comp", self.params.radius_stokes_comp) def _diffus_phase_comp(self): add_object_reference(self, "diffus_phase_comp", self.params.diffus_phase_comp) def _visc_d_phase(self): add_object_reference(self, "visc_d_phase", self.params.visc_d_phase) def _mw_comp(self): add_object_reference(self, "mw_comp", self.params.mw_comp) def _elec_mobility_phase_comp(self): self.elec_mobility_phase_comp = Var( self.params.phase_list, self.params.ion_set, initialize=5.19e-8, # default as Na+ units=pyunits.meter**2 * pyunits.volt**-1 * pyunits.second**-1, doc="Ion electrical mobility", ) def rule_elec_mobility_phase_comp(b, p, j): if ( self.params.config.elec_mobility_calculation == ElectricalMobilityCalculation.none ): if (p, j) not in self.params.config.elec_mobility_data.keys(): raise ConfigurationError( """ Missing the "elec_mobility_data" configuration to build the elec_mobility_phase_comp and/or its derived variables for {} in {}. Provide this configuration or use ElectricalMobilityCalculation.EinsteinRelation. """.format( j, self.name ) ) else: return ( b.elec_mobility_phase_comp[p, j] == self.params.config.elec_mobility_data[p, j] * pyunits.meter**2 * pyunits.volt**-1 * pyunits.second**-1 ) else: if (p, j) not in self.params.config.diffusivity_data.keys(): raise ConfigurationError( """ Missing a valid diffusivity_data configuration to use EinsteinRelation to compute the "elec_mobility_phase_comp" for {} in {} . Provide this configuration or use another "elec_mobility_calculation" configuration value. """.format( j, self.name ) ) else: if (p, j) in self.params.config.elec_mobility_data.keys(): _log.warning( """ The provided elec_mobility_data of {} will be overritten by the calculated data for {} because the EinsteinRelation method is selected.""".format( j, self.name ) ) return b.elec_mobility_phase_comp[p, j] == b.diffus_phase_comp[ p, j ] * abs(b.charge_comp[j]) * Constants.faraday_constant / ( Constants.gas_constant * b.temperature ) self.eq_elec_mobility_phase_comp = Constraint( self.params.phase_list, self.params.ion_set, rule=rule_elec_mobility_phase_comp, ) def _charge_comp(self): add_object_reference(self, "charge_comp", self.params.charge_comp) def _dielectric_constant(self): add_object_reference( self, "dielectric_constant", self.params.dielectric_constant ) def _act_coeff_phase_comp(self): self.act_coeff_phase_comp = Var( self.params.phase_list, self.params.ion_set | self.params.solute_set, initialize=0.7, domain=NonNegativeReals, bounds=(0, 1.001), units=pyunits.dimensionless, doc="activity coefficient of component", ) def rule_act_coeff_phase_comp(b, p, j): if ( b.params.config.activity_coefficient_model == ActivityCoefficientModel.ideal ): return b.act_coeff_phase_comp[p, j] == 1 elif ( b.params.config.activity_coefficient_model == ActivityCoefficientModel.davies ): I = b.ionic_strength_molal return log( b.act_coeff_phase_comp[p, j] ) == -b.debye_huckel_constant * b.charge_comp[j] ** 2 * ( I**0.5 / (1 * pyunits.mole**0.5 / pyunits.kg**0.5 + I**0.5) - b.params.debye_huckel_b * I ) self.eq_act_coeff_phase_comp = Constraint( self.params.phase_list, self.params.ion_set | self.params.solute_set, rule=rule_act_coeff_phase_comp, ) # TODO: note- assuming molal ionic strength goes into Debye Huckel relationship; # the MIT's DSPMDE paper indicates usage of molar concentration def _ionic_strength_molal(self): self.ionic_strength_molal = Var( initialize=1, domain=NonNegativeReals, units=pyunits.mol / pyunits.kg, doc="Molal ionic strength", ) def rule_ionic_strength_molal(b): return b.ionic_strength_molal == 0.5 * sum( b.charge_comp[j] ** 2 * b.molality_phase_comp["Liq", j] for j in self.params.ion_set ) self.eq_ionic_strength_molal = Constraint(rule=rule_ionic_strength_molal) def _debye_huckel_constant(self): self.debye_huckel_constant = Var( initialize=1, domain=NonNegativeReals, units=pyunits.dimensionless, # TODO: units are technically (kg/mol)**0.5, but Debye Huckel equation # is empirical and units don't seem to cancel as typical. leaving as dimensionless for now doc="Temperature-dependent Debye Huckel constant A", ) def rule_debye_huckel_constant(b): return ( b.debye_huckel_constant == ((2 * Constants.pi * Constants.avogadro_number) ** 0.5 / log(10)) * ( Constants.elemental_charge**2 / ( 4 * Constants.pi * Constants.vacuum_electric_permittivity * b.params.dielectric_constant * Constants.boltzmann_constant * b.temperature ) ) ** (3 / 2) * ( pyunits.coulomb**3 * pyunits.m**1.5 / pyunits.farad**1.5 / pyunits.J**1.5 / pyunits.mol**0.5 ) ** -1 ) self.eq_debye_huckel_constant = Constraint(rule=rule_debye_huckel_constant) # TODO: change osmotic pressure calc def _pressure_osm_phase(self): self.pressure_osm_phase = Var( self.params.phase_list, initialize=1e6, bounds=(0, None), units=pyunits.Pa, doc="van't Hoff Osmotic pressure", ) def rule_pressure_osm_phase(b, p): return ( b.pressure_osm_phase[p] == sum( b.conc_mol_phase_comp[p, j] for j in self.params.ion_set | self.params.solute_set ) * Constants.gas_constant * b.temperature ) self.eq_pressure_osm_phase = Constraint( self.params.phase_list, rule=rule_pressure_osm_phase ) def _trans_num_phase_comp(self): self.trans_num_phase_comp = Var( self.params.phase_list, self.params.ion_set, initialize=0.5, units=pyunits.dimensionless, doc="Ion transport number in the liquid phase", ) def rule_trans_num_phase_comp(b, p, j): if ( self.params.config.trans_num_calculation == TransportNumberCalculation.none ): if (p, j) not in self.params.config.trans_num_data.keys(): raise ConfigurationError( """ Missing a valid trans_num_data configuration to build "trans_num_phase_comp" for {} in {}. Provide this configuration or use another "trans_num_calculation" configuration value to contruct the demanded variable(s))""".format( j, self.name ) ) else: return ( b.trans_num_phase_comp[p, j] == self.params.config.trans_num_data[p, j] ) else: if (p, j) in self.params.config.trans_num_data.keys(): _log.warning( """ The provided trans_num_data of {} will be overritten by the calculated data for {} because "TransportNumberCalculation" is set as "ElectricalMobility".""".format( j, self.name ) ) return b.trans_num_phase_comp[p, j] == abs( b.charge_comp[j] ) * b.elec_mobility_phase_comp[p, j] * b.conc_mol_phase_comp[ p, j ] / sum( abs(b.charge_comp[j]) * b.elec_mobility_phase_comp[p, j] * b.conc_mol_phase_comp[p, j] for j in self.params.ion_set ) self.eq_trans_num_phase_comp = Constraint( self.params.phase_list, self.params.ion_set, rule=rule_trans_num_phase_comp, ) def _equiv_conductivity_phase(self): self.equiv_conductivity_phase = Var( self.params.phase_list, initialize=0.5, units=pyunits.meter**2 * pyunits.ohm**-1 * pyunits.mol**-1, doc="Total equivalent electrical conducitivty of the liquid phase", ) def rule_equiv_conductivity_phase(b, p): if ( self.params.config.equiv_conductivity_calculation == EquivalentConductivityCalculation.none ): if p not in self.params.config.equiv_conductivity_phase_data.keys(): raise ConfigurationError( """ Missing a valid equiv_conductivity_phase_data configuration to build "equiv_conductivity_phase" and its derived variables for {}. Provide this configuration or use another "equiv_conductivity_calculation" configuration value to contruct the demanded variable(s))""".format( self.name ) ) else: if len(self.params.ion_set) > 2: _log.warning( """ Caution should be taken to use a constant solution equivalent conductivity for a multi-electrolyte system. Heterogeneous concentration variation among ions may lead to varying equivalent conductivity and computing the phase equivalent conductivity using the "EquivalentConductivityCalculation.ElectricalMobility" method is recommended.""" ) return ( b.equiv_conductivity_phase[p] == self.params.config.equiv_conductivity_phase_data[p] * pyunits.meter**2 * pyunits.ohm**-1 * pyunits.mol**-1 ) else: if len(self.params.config.equiv_conductivity_phase_data) != 0: _log.warning( """ The provided equiv_conductivity_phase_data will be overritten by the calculated data for {} because "EquivalentConductivityCalculation" is set as "ElectricalMobility".""".format( self.name ) ) return b.equiv_conductivity_phase[p] == sum( Constants.faraday_constant * abs(b.charge_comp[j]) * b.elec_mobility_phase_comp[p, j] * b.conc_mol_phase_comp[p, j] for j in self.params.ion_set ) / sum( abs(b.charge_comp[j]) * b.conc_mol_phase_comp[p, j] for j in self.params.cation_set ) self.eq_equiv_conductivity_phase = Constraint( self.params.phase_list, rule=rule_equiv_conductivity_phase ) def _elec_cond_phase(self): self.elec_cond_phase = Var( self.params.phase_list, initialize=0.1, units=pyunits.ohm**-1 * pyunits.meter**-1, doc="Electrical conductivity", ) def rule_elec_cond_phase(b, p): return b.elec_cond_phase[p] == b.equiv_conductivity_phase[p] * sum( abs(b.charge_comp[j]) * b.conc_mol_phase_comp[p, j] for j in self.params.cation_set ) self.eq_elec_cond_phase = Constraint( self.params.phase_list, rule=rule_elec_cond_phase ) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # General Methods # NOTE: For scaling in the control volume to work properly, these methods must # return a pyomo Var or Expression
[docs] def get_material_flow_terms(self, p, j): """Create material flow terms for control volume.""" return self.flow_mol_phase_comp[p, j]
# TODO: add enthalpy terms later # def get_enthalpy_flow_terms(self, p): # """Create enthalpy flow terms.""" # return self.enth_flow # TODO: make property package compatible with dynamics # def get_material_density_terms(self, p, j): # """Create material density terms.""" # def get_enthalpy_density_terms(self, p): # """Create enthalpy density terms.""" def default_material_balance_type(self): return MaterialBalanceType.componentTotal def default_energy_balance_type(self): return EnergyBalanceType.none
[docs] def get_material_flow_basis(self): return MaterialFlowBasis.molar
[docs] def define_state_vars(self): """Define state vars.""" return { "flow_mol_phase_comp": self.flow_mol_phase_comp, "temperature": self.temperature, "pressure": self.pressure, }
def assert_electroneutrality( self, tol=None, tee=True, defined_state=True, adjust_by_ion=None, get_property=None, solve=True, ): if tol is None: tol = 1e-8 if not defined_state and get_property is not None: raise ValueError( f"Set defined_state to true if get_property = {get_property}" ) if adjust_by_ion is not None: if adjust_by_ion in self.params.ion_set: self.charge_balance = Constraint( expr=sum( self.charge_comp[j] * self.conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] for j in self.params.ion_set ) == 0 ) else: raise ValueError( "adjust_by_ion must be set to the name of an ion in the ion_set." ) if defined_state: for j in self.params.ion_set | self.params.solute_set: if ( not self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j].is_fixed() and adjust_by_ion != j ): raise AssertionError( f"{self.flow_mol_phase_comp['Liq', j]} was not fixed. Fix flow_mol_phase_comp for each solute" f" to check that electroneutrality is satisfied." ) if adjust_by_ion == j and self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j].is_fixed(): self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j].unfix() else: for j in self.params.ion_set | self.params.solute_set: if self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j].is_fixed(): raise AssertionError( f"{self.flow_mol_phase_comp['Liq', j]} was fixed. Either set defined_state=True or unfix " f"flow_mol_phase_comp for each solute to check that electroneutrality is satisfied." ) # touch this var since it is required for this method self.conc_mol_phase_comp if solve: if adjust_by_ion is not None: ion_before_adjust = self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", adjust_by_ion].value solve = get_solver() solve.solve(self) results = solve.solve(self) if check_optimal_termination(results): self.conc_mol_phase_comp[...].pprint() val = value( sum( self.charge_comp[j] * self.conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] for j in self.params.ion_set ) ) else: if adjust_by_ion is not None: del self.charge_balance raise ValueError( "The stateblock failed to solve while computing concentrations to check the charge balance." ) else: val = value( sum( self.charge_comp[j] * self.conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] for j in self.params.ion_set ) ) if abs(val) <= tol: if adjust_by_ion is not None: del self.charge_balance ion_adjusted = self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", adjust_by_ion].value if defined_state: self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", adjust_by_ion].fix(ion_adjusted) # touch on-demand property desired if get_property is not None: if isinstance(get_property, str): getattr(self, get_property) elif isinstance(get_property, (list, tuple)): for i in get_property: getattr(self, i) else: raise TypeError( "get_property must be a string or list/tuple of strings." ) res_with_prop = solve.solve(self) if not check_optimal_termination(res_with_prop): raise ValueError( f"The stateblock failed to solve while solving with on-demand property" f" {get_property}." ) msg = ( f"{adjust_by_ion} adjusted: flow_mol_phase_comp['Liq',{adjust_by_ion}] was adjusted from " f"{ion_before_adjust} and fixed " f"to {ion_adjusted}." ) else: msg = ( f"{adjust_by_ion} was adjusted and the value computed for flow_mol_phase_comp['Liq',{adjust_by_ion}]" f" is {ion_adjusted}." ) else: msg = "" if tee: return print( f"{msg} Electroneutrality satisfied for {self}. Balance Result = {val}" ) else: raise AssertionError( f"Electroneutrality condition violated in {self}. Ion concentrations should be adjusted to bring " f"the result of {val:.2E} closer towards 0." ) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Scaling methods def calculate_scaling_factors(self): super().calculate_scaling_factors() # setting scaling factors for variables # default scaling factors have already been set with # idaes.core.property_base.calculate_scaling_factors() # for the following variables: pressure, # temperature, dens_mass, visc_d_phase, diffus_phase_comp # the following variables should have users' input of scaling factors; # missing input triggers a warning if iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", "H2O"]) is None: sf = iscale.get_scaling_factor( self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", "H2O"], default=1, warning=True ) iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", "H2O"], sf) for j in self.params.ion_set | self.params.solute_set: if iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j]) is None: sf = iscale.get_scaling_factor( self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j], default=1, warning=True ) iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j], sf) if self.is_property_constructed("flow_equiv_phase_comp"): for j in self.flow_equiv_phase_comp.keys(): if iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.flow_equiv_phase_comp[j]) is None: sf = iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.flow_mol_phase_comp[j]) iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.flow_equiv_phase_comp[j], sf) # The following variables and parameters have computed scalling factors; # Users do not have to input scaling factors but, if they do, their value # will override. for j, v in self.mw_comp.items(): if iscale.get_scaling_factor(v) is None: iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.mw_comp[j], value(v) ** -1) for ind, v in self.diffus_phase_comp.items(): if iscale.get_scaling_factor(v) is None: if ind in self.params.config.diffusivity_data.keys(): sf = self.params.config.diffusivity_data[ind] ** -1 else: sf = 1e10 iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.diffus_phase_comp[ind], sf) if self.is_property_constructed("dens_mass_solvent"): if iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.dens_mass_solvent) is None: iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.dens_mass_solvent, 1e-3) if self.is_property_constructed("dens_mass_phase"): for p, v in self.dens_mass_phase.items(): if iscale.get_scaling_factor(v) is None: iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.dens_mass_phase[p], 1e-3) if self.is_property_constructed("visc_d_phase"): for p, v in self.visc_d_phase.items(): if iscale.get_scaling_factor(v) is None: iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.visc_d_phase[p], 1e3) if self.is_property_constructed("visc_k_phase"): for p, v in self.visc_k_phase.items(): if iscale.get_scaling_factor(v) is None: iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.visc_k_phase[p], 1e6) if self.is_property_constructed("mole_frac_phase_comp"): for j in self.params.component_list: if ( iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.mole_frac_phase_comp["Liq", j]) is None ): if j == "H2O": iscale.set_scaling_factor( self.mole_frac_phase_comp["Liq", j], 1 ) else: sf = iscale.get_scaling_factor( self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] ) / iscale.get_scaling_factor( self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", "H2O"] ) iscale.set_scaling_factor( self.mole_frac_phase_comp["Liq", j], sf ) if self.is_property_constructed("flow_mass_phase_comp"): for j in self.params.component_list: if ( iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.flow_mass_phase_comp["Liq", j]) is None ): sf = iscale.get_scaling_factor( self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] ) * iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.mw_comp[j]) iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.flow_mass_phase_comp["Liq", j], sf) if self.is_property_constructed("mass_frac_phase_comp"): for j in self.params.component_list: comp = self.params.get_component(j) if ( iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.mass_frac_phase_comp["Liq", j]) is None ): if comp.is_solute(): sf = iscale.get_scaling_factor( self.flow_mass_phase_comp["Liq", j] ) / iscale.get_scaling_factor( self.flow_mass_phase_comp["Liq", "H2O"] ) iscale.set_scaling_factor( self.mass_frac_phase_comp["Liq", j], sf ) else: iscale.set_scaling_factor( self.mass_frac_phase_comp["Liq", j], 1 ) if self.is_property_constructed("conc_mass_phase_comp"): for j in self.params.component_list: sf_dens = iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.dens_mass_phase["Liq"]) if ( iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.conc_mass_phase_comp["Liq", j]) is None ): if j == "H2O": # solvents typically have a mass fraction between 0.5-1 iscale.set_scaling_factor( self.conc_mass_phase_comp["Liq", j], sf_dens ) else: iscale.set_scaling_factor( self.conc_mass_phase_comp["Liq", j], sf_dens * iscale.get_scaling_factor( self.mass_frac_phase_comp["Liq", j] ), ) if self.is_property_constructed("conc_mol_phase_comp"): for j in self.params.component_list: if ( iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j]) is None ): sf = iscale.get_scaling_factor( self.conc_mass_phase_comp["Liq", j] ) / iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.mw_comp[j]) iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j], sf) if self.is_property_constructed("conc_equiv_phase_comp"): for j in self.params.ion_set: if ( iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.conc_equiv_phase_comp["Liq", j]) is None ): sf = iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j]) iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.conc_equiv_phase_comp["Liq", j], sf) if self.is_property_constructed("pressure_osm_phase"): if iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.pressure_osm_phase) is None: sf = ( 1e-3 * sum( iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j]) ** 2 for j in self.params.ion_set | self.params.solute_set ) ** 0.5 ) iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.pressure_osm_phase, sf) if self.is_property_constructed("elec_mobility_phase_comp"): for ind, v in self.elec_mobility_phase_comp.items(): if iscale.get_scaling_factor(v) is None: if ( self.params.config.elec_mobility_calculation == ElectricalMobilityCalculation.EinsteinRelation ): sf = iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.diffus_phase_comp[ind]) / 40 else: sf = self.params.config.elec_mobility_data[ind] ** -1 iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.elec_mobility_phase_comp[ind], sf) if self.is_property_constructed("trans_num_phase_comp"): for ind, v in self.trans_num_phase_comp.items(): if iscale.get_scaling_factor(v) is None: iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.trans_num_phase_comp[ind], 10) if self.is_property_constructed("equiv_conductivity_phase"): for ind, v in self.equiv_conductivity_phase.items(): if iscale.get_scaling_factor(v) is None: if ( self.params.config.equiv_conductivity_calculation == EquivalentConductivityCalculation.ElectricalMobility ): sf = ( 1 / 96485 * sum( iscale.get_scaling_factor( self.elec_mobility_phase_comp["Liq", j] ) ** 2 * iscale.get_scaling_factor( self.conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] ) ** 2 for j in self.params.ion_set ) ** 0.5 / sum( iscale.get_scaling_factor( self.conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] ) ** 2 for j in self.params.cation_set ) ** 0.5 ) else: sf = self.params.config.equiv_conductivity_phase_data[ind] ** -1 iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.equiv_conductivity_phase[ind], sf) if self.is_property_constructed("elec_cond_phase"): if iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.elec_cond_phase) is None: for ind, v in self.elec_cond_phase.items(): sf = ( iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.equiv_conductivity_phase[ind]) * sum( iscale.get_scaling_factor( self.conc_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j] ) ** 2 for j in self.params.cation_set ) ** 0.5 ) iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.elec_cond_phase[ind], sf) if self.is_property_constructed("flow_vol_phase"): sf = ( iscale.get_scaling_factor( self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", "H2O"], default=1 ) * iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.mw_comp["H2O"]) / iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.dens_mass_phase["Liq"]) ) iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.flow_vol_phase, sf) if self.is_property_constructed("flow_vol"): sf = iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.flow_vol_phase) iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.flow_vol, sf) if self.is_property_constructed("molality_phase_comp"): for j in self.params.ion_set | self.params.solute_set: if ( iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.molality_phase_comp["Liq", j]) is None ): sf = ( iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", j]) / iscale.get_scaling_factor( self.flow_mol_phase_comp["Liq", "H2O"] ) / iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.mw_comp["H2O"]) ) iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.molality_phase_comp["Liq", j], sf) if self.is_property_constructed("act_coeff_phase_comp"): for j in self.params.ion_set | self.params.solute_set: if ( iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.act_coeff_phase_comp["Liq", j]) is None ): iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.act_coeff_phase_comp["Liq", j], 1) if self.is_property_constructed("debye_huckel_constant"): if iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.debye_huckel_constant) is None: iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.debye_huckel_constant, 10) if self.is_property_constructed("ionic_strength_molal"): if iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.ionic_strength_molal) is None: sf = min( iscale.get_scaling_factor(self.molality_phase_comp["Liq", j]) for j in self.params.ion_set | self.params.solute_set ) iscale.set_scaling_factor(self.ionic_strength_molal, sf) # transforming constraints transform_property_constraints(self) if self.is_property_constructed("debye_huckel_constant"): iscale.constraint_scaling_transform(self.eq_debye_huckel_constant, 10) if self.is_property_constructed("ionic_strength_molal"): iscale.constraint_scaling_transform(self.eq_ionic_strength_molal, 1)